Bahasa Indonesia old

Probably no feature of Indonesian is more difficult for foreign learners than verbs. Many students of Indonesian do find that an understanding of the grammatical system can sometimes help improve fluency, correctness and expressiveness. But knowledge of the grammatical system of a language can only complement and never substitute for accurate imitation of models and memorable repetition as tools for the attainment of practical correctness and fluency. There are three kinds of verb: 1. Helper verbs or auxiliary verbs 2. Intransitive verbs 3. Transitive verbs

Probably no feature of Indonesian is more difficult for foreign learners than verbs. Many students of Indonesian do find that an understanding of the grammatical system can sometimes help improve fluency, correctness and expressiveness. But knowledge of the grammatical system of a language can only complement and never substitute for accurate imitation of models and memorable repetition as tools for the attainment of practical correctness and fluency. There are three kinds of verb: 1. Helper verbs or auxiliary verbs 2. Intransitive verbs 3. Transitive verbs

Interrogative Sentences Interrogatives can be formed by: using Intonation and/or adding a question tag, ‘ bukan ‘ or ‘ kan ‘(colloquial) to the questions if we wish to confirm our questions; using particle – kah ; using the word  apa  or  apakah ; using interrogative pronouns: apa, siapa, berapa, bagaimana ; using interrogative adverbs:  mengapa, di mana, ke mana, kapan. Si Dul ada? Si Dul ada, bukan? Si Dul ada, kan? Si Dul ada kah? Menangiskah dia? Apakah pak Ali guru? Siapa duduk disana? Bagaimana dia? Kapan dia pergi? Is Dul in/around? Dul is in/around, isn’t he? Dul is in/around, isn’t he? Is Dul in/around? Did she cry? Is pak Ali a teacher? Who was it that sat there? how is she? When did he go?

Interrogative Sentences Interrogatives can be formed by: using Intonation and/or adding a question tag, ‘ bukan ‘ or ‘ kan ‘(colloquial) to the questions if we wish to confirm our questions; using particle – kah ; using the word  apa  or  apakah ; using interrogative pronouns: apa, siapa, berapa, bagaimana ; using interrogative adverbs:  mengapa, di mana, ke mana, kapan. Si Dul ada? Si Dul ada, bukan? Si Dul ada, kan? Si Dul ada kah? Menangiskah dia? Apakah pak Ali guru? Siapa duduk disana? Bagaimana dia? Kapan dia pergi? Is Dul in/around? Dul is in/around, isn’t he? Dul is in/around, isn’t he? Is Dul in/around? Did she cry? Is pak Ali a teacher? Who was it that sat there? how is she? When did he go?

Acara Meaning : program, agenda, event Application : acara Apa acara kamu nanti malam? Apa acara TV malam ini? Tiap hari dia selalu banyak acara. Tiap tahun perusahaan saya selalu bikin acara tahunan. What’s your plan tonight? What’s on TV tonight? He is always busy everyday. Every year my company always hold an annual event.

Acara Meaning : program, agenda, event Application : acara Apa acara kamu nanti malam? Apa acara TV malam ini? Tiap hari dia selalu banyak acara. Tiap tahun perusahaan saya selalu bikin acara tahunan. What’s your plan tonight? What’s on TV tonight? He is always busy everyday. Every year my company always hold an annual event.

Indonesian has thousands of words that resemble English words. Lots of them serve an obvious purpose: they fill a gap in the vocabulary. Examples of these are pistol, helikopter, komputer. There was no word to convey those concepts before those borrowed words came along. But the more interesting ones are the many that do not fill a gap. Instead they exist alongside a ‘twin’ word – either native to the language or long ago assimilated into it – that means virtually the same. For example, diskusi exists alongside pembicaraan, both meaning “discussion”. There are hundreds of such pairs: so many that when a speaker or writer consistently chooses western words over their nonwestern twins it creates a distinctive style. And the number of these pairs is growing all the time. A few examples only of such pairs: western word older synonym meaning berkompetisi bersaing to compete diskusi pembicaraan discussion evaluasi penilaian evaluation identita...

Indonesian has thousands of words that resemble English words. Lots of them serve an obvious purpose: they fill a gap in the vocabulary. Examples of these are pistol, helikopter, komputer. There was no word to convey those concepts before those borrowed words came along. But the more interesting ones are the many that do not fill a gap. Instead they exist alongside a ‘twin’ word – either native to the language or long ago assimilated into it – that means virtually the same. For example, diskusi exists alongside pembicaraan, both meaning “discussion”. There are hundreds of such pairs: so many that when a speaker or writer consistently chooses western words over their nonwestern twins it creates a distinctive style. And the number of these pairs is growing all the time. A few examples only of such pairs: western word older synonym meaning berkompetisi bersaing to compete diskusi pembicaraan discussion evaluasi penilaian ...

In English there are several different question-words or phrases that you use when asking a “number question”. Two of them are “what” and “how many”. So you can say, for example “What is your phone number?” and “How many students are there in this class?” In Indonesian, when you ask a question that demands a number as its answer you use just one question-word: berapa. Tanggal berapa Anda lahir? What’s you birth date? Berapa nomor telepon Anda? What’s your telephone number? Berapa harganya?  How much it is? Jam berapa? What time is it? Berapa jam? How many hours? Berapa lama Anda pergi? How long did you go?

In English there are several different question-words or phrases that you use when asking a “number question”. Two of them are “what” and “how many”. So you can say, for example “What is your phone number?” and “How many students are there in this class?” In Indonesian, when you ask a question that demands a number as its answer you use just one question-word: berapa. Tanggal berapa Anda lahir? What’s you birth date? Berapa nomor telepon Anda? What’s your telephone number? Berapa harganya?  How much it is? Jam berapa? What time is it? Berapa jam? How many hours? Berapa lama Anda pergi? How long did you go?

Meaning Hari ini cuacanya bagus Cuaca hari ini bagus The weather is good today It’s a good day today Hari ini cuacanya jelek Cuaca hari ini jelek The weather is bad today panas hot lembab humid hangat warm cerah/terang sunny hujan rainy hujan besar hujan lebat it rains hard gerimis drizzle banjir flood mendung overcast berawan cloudy dingin cold sejuk cool kabut foggy berembun moist embun pagi morning dew kilat lightning petir thunderbolt guruh/guntur thunder badai storm angin windy becek muddy ramalan cuaca weather forecast

Meaning Hari ini cuacanya bagus Cuaca hari ini bagus The weather is good today It’s a good day today Hari ini cuacanya jelek Cuaca hari ini jelek The weather is bad today panas hot lembab humid hangat warm cerah/terang sunny hujan rainy hujan besar hujan lebat it rains hard gerimis drizzle banjir flood mendung overcast berawan cloudy dingin cold sejuk cool kabut foggy berembun moist embun pagi morning dew kilat lightning petir thunderbolt guruh/guntur thunder badai storm angin windy becek muddy ramalan cuaca weather forecast