Number Pronouns Number pronouns can be formed by adding affixes ke- .. -nya to the collective numbers. These forms can also have a reduplicated base with or without prefix ke-. Kedua anak itu baik hatinya. Kedua-duanya baik hatinya. Dua-duanya baik hatinya. Keduanya baik hatinya. Those two boys are very kind. Both of them are very kind. Both of them are very kind. Both of them are very kind. Some indefinite numbers can occur as pronouns also with suffix -nya: semuanya – all of them segalanya – all of them seluruhnya – all of it, the whole Masing-masing which can occur as number pronoun does not take suffix -nya. It means ‘each of them’. Reference: Indonesian Reference Grammar by James Neil Sneddon, 1996.
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Indefinite Pronouns Indefinite pronouns indicate that a person or thing is being spoken about without a particular person or thing being identified. The pronouns ‘seseorang’ and ‘sesuatu’ correspond to English ‘someone’ and ‘something’ respectively. The phrase ‘segala sesuatu’ refers to all the things being discussed without them being named individually. Saya menyuruh seseorang untuk menjemput mereka. Dia makan sesuatu . Dia membicarakan segala sesuatu . Ada sesuatu yang kurang baik. Segala sesuatu yang dikatakannya selalu menarik. I told someone to meet them. He ate something. He discussed everything. There is something which isn’t good. Everything he says is always interesting. Other indefinite pronouns are: siapa saja apa saja di/ke/dari mana saja anyone anything (at/to/from) anywhere mana saja kapan saja berapa saja any any time any amount All the above interrogatives except kapan and berapa can be followed by ...
Indefinite Pronouns Indefinite pronouns indicate that a person or thing is being spoken about without a particular person or thing being identified. The pronouns ‘seseorang’ and ‘sesuatu’ correspond to English ‘someone’ and ‘something’ respectively. The phrase ‘segala sesuatu’ refers to all the things being discussed without them being named individually. Saya menyuruh seseorang untuk menjemput mereka. Dia makan sesuatu . Dia membicarakan segala sesuatu . Ada sesuatu yang kurang baik. Segala sesuatu yang dikatakannya selalu menarik. I told someone to meet them. He ate something. He discussed everything. There is something which isn’t good. Everything he says is always interesting. Other indefinite pronouns are: siapa saja apa saja di/ke/dari mana saja anyone anything (at/to/from) anywhere mana saja kapan saja berapa saja any any time any amount All the above interrogatives except kapan and berapa ...
Number Pronouns Number pronouns can be formed by adding affixes ke- .. -nya to the collective numbers. These forms can also have a reduplicated base with or without prefix ke-. Kedua anak itu baik hatinya. Kedua-duanya baik hatinya. Dua-duanya baik hatinya. Keduanya baik hatinya. Those two boys are very kind. Both of them are very kind. Both of them are very kind. Both of them are very kind. Some indefinite numbers can occur as pronouns also with suffix -nya: semuanya – all of them segalanya – all of them seluruhnya – all of it, the whole Masing-masing which can occur as number pronoun does not take suffix -nya. It means ‘each of them’. Reference: Indonesian Reference Grammar by James Neil Sneddon, 1996.
Personal Pronouns Personal pronouns are pronouns which refer to people. They reflect social relations between people. Person Singular Plural Pertama First Kedua Second Ketiga Third saya, aku I, me, my engkau, kau, kamu, anda you, your ia, dia, beliau he/she, his/her, it/its kita, kami we, us kalian, kamu(sekalian) you, all of you mereka, nya they, them, their Personal pronouns should be used with care. Both ‘ saya ‘ and ‘ aku ‘ mean ‘I’, ‘me’, but ‘aku’ is only used when speaking to intimate friends only. ‘ Kita ‘ means ‘we’ where the person being spoken to is included, that is ‘I and you’. ‘ Kami ‘ means ‘we’ where the person being spoken to is not included, that is ‘I and others but not you’. ‘ Aku, engkau, kau, kamu, kalian ‘, are intimate forms, used to children and between equals who have a close relationship with each other. They are sometimes used to younger adults although this always conveys a suggestion of social superiority on the part of the speaker. ‘ Anda ‘ is confined to...
Personal Pronouns Personal pronouns are pronouns which refer to people. They reflect social relations between people. Person Singular Plural Pertama First Kedua Second Ketiga Third saya, aku I, me, my engkau, kau, kamu, anda you, your ia, dia, beliau he/she, his/her, it/its kita, kami we, us kalian, kamu(sekalian) you, all of you mereka, nya they, them, their Personal pronouns should be used with care. Both ‘ saya ‘ and ‘ aku ‘ mean ‘I’, ‘me’, but ‘aku’ is only used when speaking to intimate friends only. ‘ Kita ‘ means ‘we’ where the person being spoken to is included, that is ‘I and you’. ‘ Kami ‘ means ‘we’ where the person being spoken to is not included, that is ‘I and others but not you’. ‘ Aku, engkau, kau, kamu, kalian ‘, are intimate forms, used to children and between equals who have a close relationship with each other. They are sometimes used to younger adults although this always conveys a suggestion of social superiority on the part of the speaker. ‘ An...
Demonstrative Pronouns Demonstrative pronouns are ‘ini’(this) and ‘itu’(that): Ini besar. – This is big. Itu rumah saya. – That is my house. ‘Ini’ and ‘itu’ can also give emphasis to first person pronouns: Kau kira saya ini pelayanmu? – Do you think I am your servant? Mereka itu tetangga saya. – They(who have been mentioned) are my neighbors. Reference: Indonesian Reference Grammar by James Neil Sneddon, 1996.
Demonstrative Pronouns Demonstrative pronouns are ‘ini’(this) and ‘itu’(that): Ini besar. – This is big. Itu rumah saya. – That is my house. ‘Ini’ and ‘itu’ can also give emphasis to first person pronouns: Kau kira saya ini pelayanmu? – Do you think I am your servant? Mereka itu tetangga saya. – They(who have been mentioned) are my neighbors. Reference: Indonesian Reference Grammar by James Neil Sneddon, 1996.
Pronoun June 18, 2011 · Dr. George Quinn , Dr. Uli Kozok , Indonesian Way , Pronoun · Dr. George Quinn “You” Avoidance Contributed and posted by ‘The Indonesian Way’, a textbook for the Indonesian language by George Quinn and Uli Kozok. The use of second person pronouns is one of the most difficult areas of… June 17, 2011 · Dr. George Quinn , Dr. Uli Kozok , Indonesian Way , Pronoun , Useful Words , Vocabulary Updates · Dr. George Quinn Bapak and Ibu Contributed and posted by ‘The Indonesian Way’, a textbook for the Indonesian language by George Quinn and Uli Kozok. In English, basically we have just one second person pronoun: “you”. Except in a… June 1, 2011 · Articles , Dr. George Quinn , Dr. Uli Kozok , Pronoun · Dr. George Quinn Is Indonesian a non-sexist language? Contributed and posted by ‘The Indonesian Way’, a textbook for the Indonesian language by George Quinn and ...