-

pe-..-an/per-..-an

Confix ‘pe-… -an’ creates an abstract noun that indicates the process of performing the action of what the verb refers to.

Examples

Root WordMeaningpe – anMeaning
ragabody, show offperagaanshow, display, modeling, exhibition
makamgravepemakamanfuneral
bubardismisspembubarandissolution
tinggalremainpeninggalanestate, inheritance
dapatearn, getpendapatanincome, acquisition
tekanpressurepenekananpressing, emphasizing
sumbatplug, stooperpenyumbatanclogging, blockage
Confix ‘per-… -an’forms noun and indicates the result of an action (as opposed to the process) and may also indicate a place or location.

Examples

Root WordMeaningper – anMeaning
masalahproblempermasalahanset of problems
janjipromiseperjanjianagreement
nikahmarrypernikahanmarriage
empatfourperempatanjunction, cross-roads
damaipeaceperdamaianpeace
sahabatgood friendpersahabatanfriendship
pe-..-an versus per-..-an

Examples

RootWordMeaningConfixComparisonMeaning
buatdo, makeper – anperbuatandeed, action, performance, conduct, act
  pe-anpembuatanfabrication, construction, production
hitungcalculateper – anperhitungancalculation, computation, consideration
  pe-anpenghitungancalculating
pecahbreak apartper – anperpecahandisunity, disunion
  pe-anpemecahansollution, fission, breakthrough

Popular posts from this blog

-
Image
The Classifiers: Buah, Orang and Ekor The Indonesian language has a fairly large number of classifiers to count objects based on their characteristics. Among the many classifiers for items, the most common one is buah, literally ‘fruit’. If you count cars, for instance, the you can use the classifier: sebuah mobil ‘a car, one car’, dua buah mobil ‘two cars’ etc. The classifiers can come handy to singularize a word. The sentence Ada mobil di depan rumah kita can mean ‘there is a car in front of our house’, or ‘there are cars in front of our house’ because every noun in the Indonesian language can be singular or plural. In order to singularize the word you can say Ada sebuah mobil di depan rumah kita ‘there is a car in front of our house’. The classifier buah can be used with many objects. Even objects that should carry a different classifier such as batang (used for stick-like objects), biji (used for very small round objects), helai (used for flat soft items), or keping (u...
Read more

Numbers

-
1 satu 21 dua puluh satu 2 dua 25 dua puluh lima 3 tiga 30 tiga puluh 4 empat 50 lima puluh 5 lima 65 enam puluh lima 6 enam 72 tujuh puluh dua 7 tujuh 80 delapan puluh 8 delapan 90 sembilan puluh 9 sembilan 100 seratus 10 sepuluh 110 seratus sepuluh 11 sebelas 150 seratus lima puluh 12 dua belas 200 dua ratus 15 lima belas 900 sembilan ratus 20 dua puluh 1000 seribu 0 nol zero 0.2 nol koma dua zero point two 1.7 satu koma tujuh one point seven 1/4 seperempat a quarter 1/2 setengah half 1/8 seperdelapan one eighth 10.000 sepuluh ribu ten thousand 100.000 seratus ribu one hundred thousand 500.000 lima ratus ribu setengah juta five hundred thousand half a million 1.000.000 sejuta/satu juta one million 1.000.000.000 satu milyar one billion Comma and Zero In Indonesian the comma that is used in English to signify thousands is replaced by a dot. There are two words for “zero”: nol and kosong, both about equally commonly used. Number The word  nomor  functions as a kind of “mar...
Read more

Interrogative Sentences

-
Interrogative Sentences Interrogatives can be formed by: using Intonation and/or adding a question tag, ‘ bukan ‘ or ‘ kan ‘(colloquial) to the questions if we wish to confirm our questions; using particle – kah ; using the word  apa  or  apakah ; using interrogative pronouns: apa, siapa, berapa, bagaimana ; using interrogative adverbs:  mengapa, di mana, ke mana, kapan. Si Dul ada? Si Dul ada, bukan? Si Dul ada, kan? Si Dul ada kah? Menangiskah dia? Apakah pak Ali guru? Siapa duduk disana? Bagaimana dia? Kapan dia pergi? Is Dul in/around? Dul is in/around, isn’t he? Dul is in/around, isn’t he? Is Dul in/around? Did she cry? Is pak Ali a teacher? Who was it that sat there? how is she? When did he go?
Read more