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The Classifiers: Buah, Orang and Ekor The Indonesian language has a fairly large number of classifiers to count objects based on their characteristics. Among the many classifiers for items, the most common one is buah, literally ‘fruit’. If you count cars, for instance, the you can use the classifier: sebuah mobil ‘a car, one car’, dua buah mobil ‘two cars’ etc. The classifiers can come handy to singularize a word. The sentence Ada mobil di depan rumah kita can mean ‘there is a car in front of our house’, or ‘there are cars in front of our house’ because every noun in the Indonesian language can be singular or plural. In order to singularize the word you can say Ada sebuah mobil di depan rumah kita ‘there is a car in front of our house’. The classifier buah can be used with many objects. Even objects that should carry a different classifier such as batang (used for stick-like objects), biji (used for very small round objects), helai (used for flat soft items), or keping (u...
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-i vs -kan With many verbs there is a neat contrast between  -i  and  -kan . Typically, with an “-i” verb: the Undergoer stays where it is, while the action is directed towards it. Typically, with a “-kan” verb: the Undergoer moves from one place to another, while it is caused to do or used to do the action. Ari  memasuki mesjid. Ari  memasukkan koin. Ari  entered  the mosque. Ali  inserted  a coin. The mosque stays where it is, while Ari enters it. The coin moves, when Ari inserts it. Another example of it: Bu Ani  menawari tamu itu teh. Bu Ani menawarkan  teh kepada tamu. Bu Ani  offered the guest tea. Bu Ani  offered tea to the guest.. The guest stays in one place, while this action “menawari” is directed at him/her. . The tea moves, as this action “menawarkan” is done. The endings  -i  and  -kan  do not  always  contrast in this way. On a few verbs  -i  and...
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di- The prefix ‘di-‘ is used to make the passive form of an active ‘me-‘ verb. But ‘di’, can also function as a preposition that indicates location, often meaning ‘at’. ‘Di rumah’ means at home, and ‘di kantor’ means ‘at the office’. To differentiate the above, in written form ‘di’ as a prefix is wirtten in one word with the root verb. As a preposition ‘di’ is written as a word separately from the noun(place). So the word ‘ dikantor ‘ is  wrong because ‘mekantor’ is not a verb. As a proposition  the correct form is ‘di kantor’. Examples Sentences Meaning Forms Nina menyanyikan lagu jazz Lagu jazz dinyanyikan oleh Nina Nina sings a jazz song A jazz song is sung by Nina active form passive form Dia mencuci piring Piring dicuci olehnya She washes the dishes The dishes are washed by her active form passive form
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